Chapter 1
Chapter 1
Further Reading
Improvement in personal productivity
Hussey, A. J., & Swinton, O. H. (2011) Estimating the Ex Ante Expected Returns to College. American Economic Review, 101(3), 598-602. doi: 10.1257/aer.101.3.598
King, L. A. (2001). The health benefits of writing about life goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(7), 798- 807.
Klein, K. & Boals, A. (2001). Expressive writing can increase working memory capacity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130, 520-533.
McGonigal, K. (2012). The willpower instinct: How self-control works, why it matters, and what you can do to get more of it. Avery/Penguin Group USA.
Oettingen, G., Pak, H., & Schnetter, K. (2001). Self-regulation of goal setting: Turning free fantasies about the future into binding goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8(5), 736-753.
Scarborough, M., Lewis, C., & Kulkarni, S. (2010). Enhancing adolescent brain development through goal-setting activities. Social Work, 55(3), 276-278. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org.proxybz.lib.montana.edu/stable/23719083
Schippers, M. C., Scheepers, A. W. A., & Peterson, J. B. (2015) A scalable goal-setting intervention closes both the gender and ethnic minority achievement gap. Nature, 1. doi: https://doi.org/10.1057/palcomms.2015.14
Sheldon, K. M., & Houser-Marko, L. (2001). Self-concordance, goal attainment, and the pursuit of happiness: Can there be an upward spiral? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(1), 152-165.
Stevens, C. K., Bavetta, A. G., & Gist, M. E. (1993) Gender differences in the acquisition of salary negotiation skills: The role of goals, self-efficacy, and perceived control. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(5), 723–735. doi: https://doi-org.proxybz.lib.montana.edu:3443/10.1037/0021-9010.78.5.723
Stevens, C. K., & Gist, M. E. (2006) Effects of self-efficacy and goal-orientation training on negotiation skill maintenance: What are the mechanisms? Personnel Psychology, 50(4), 955-978. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1997.tb01490.x
Torpey, E. (2018) U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Measuring the Value of Education: United States Department of Labor.
Improvement in academic performance
Covington, M. V. (2003) Goal Theory, Motivation, and School Achievement: An Integrative Review. Annual Review of Psychology, 51(1), 171-200. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.171
Dweck, C. S. (1986). Motivational processes affecting learning. American Psychology, 41(10), 1040-1048.
Geller, J., Toftness, A. R., Armstrong, P. I., Carpenter, S. K., Manz, C. L., Coffman, C. R., & Lamm, M. H. (2018) Study strategies and beliefs about learning as a function of academic achievement and achievement goals. Memory, 26(5), 683-690, DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2017.1397175
Linnenbrink-Garcia, L., Tyson, D.F., & Patall, E.A. (2008). When are achievement goal orientations beneficial for academic achievement? A closer look at moderating factors. International Review of Social Psychology, 21, 19–70.
Locke, E. A. (1996) Motivation through conscious goal setting. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 5(2), 117-124. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-1849(96)80005-9
McGonigal, K. (2012). The willpower instinct: How self-control works, why it matters, and what you can do to get more of it. Avery/Penguin Group USA.
Morisano, D., Hirsh, J. B., Peterson, J. B., Pihl, R. O., & Shore, B. M. (2010) Setting, elaborating, and reflecting on personal goals improves academic performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(2), 255-264. DOI: 10.1037/a0018478.
Oettingen, G., Kappes, H. B., Guttenberg, K. B., & Gollwitzer, P. M. ( 2015), Self‐regulation of time management: Mental contrasting with implementation intentions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 45(2), 218– 229. doi: 10.1002/ejsp.2090.
Schippers, M. C., Scheepers, A. W. A., & Peterson, J. B.(2015) A scalable goal-setting intervention closes both the gender and ethnic minority achievement gap. Nature, 1. doi: https://doi.org/10.1057/palcomms.2015.14
Sheldon, K. M., & Houser-Marko, L. (2001). Self-concordance, goal attainment, and the pursuit of happiness: Can there be an upward spiral? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(1), 152-165.
Improvement in organizational productivity
Elovainio, M., & Kivimäki, M. (1996). Occupational stresses, goal clarity, control, and strain among nurses in the Finnish health care system. Research in Nursing and Health, 19, 517-524.
Linderman, K. , Schroeder, R. G., & Choo, A. S. (2006) Six Sigma: The role of goals in improvement teams. Journal of Operations Management, 24(6), 779-790. doi:10.1016/j.jom.2005.08.005
Locke, E. A. (1996) Motivation through conscious goal setting. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 5(2), 117-124. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-1849(96)80005-9
Pritchard, R. D., Jones, S. D., Roth, P. L., Stuebing, K. K., & Ekeberg, S. K. (1988). Effects of group feedback, goal setting, and incentives on organizational productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(2), 337–358. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.73.2.337
Stevens, C. K., & Gist, M. E. (2006) Effects of self-efficacy and goal-orientation training on negotiation skill maintenance: What are the mechanisms? Personnel Psychology, 50(4), 955-978. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1997.tb01490.x
Improvement in performance with ADHD
Gawrilow, C., Morgenroth, K., Schultz, R., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2013) Mental contrasting with implementation intentions enhances self-regulation of goal pursuit in schoolchildren at risk for ADHD. Motivation and Emotion, 37(1), 134-145. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-012-9288-3
Johnson, J., & Reid, R. (2011) Overcoming executive function deficits with students with ADHD Theory into Practice, 50, 61-67. doi: 10(1080/00405841), 2010, 534942
Martin, A. J. (2012). The role of personal best (PB) goals in the achievement and behavioral engagement of students with ADHD and students without ADHD. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 37, 91-105.
Martin, A. (2013). Improving the achievement, motivation, and engagement of students with ADHD: The role of personal best goals and other growth-based approaches. Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 23(1), 143-155. doi:10.1017/jgc.2013.4
McGonigal, K. (2012). The willpower instinct: How self-control works, why it matters, and what you can do to get more of it. Avery/Penguin Group USA.
Raggi, V. L., & Chronis, A. M. (2006) Interventions to Address the Academic Impairment of Children and Adolescents with ADHD. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 9(2), 85-111. doi: 10.1007/s10567-006-0006-0
Improvement in performance with depression
Fritzsche, A., Schlier, B., Oettingen, G., & Lincoln, T. (2016). Mental contrasting with implementation intentions increases goal-attainment in individuals with mild to moderate depression. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 40(4), 557–564. doi: 10.1007/s10608-015-9749-6
Pennebaker, J. W. (1997) Writing about emotional experiences as a therapeutic process. Psychological Science, 8, 162–166.
Stein, N., Folkman, S., Trabasso, T., & Richards, T. A. (1997). Appraisal and goal processes as predictors of psychological well-being in bereaved caregivers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(4), 872-884.
Stice, E., Burton, E., E. A.,Bearman, S. K., & Rohde, P. (2007) Randomized trial of a brief depression prevention program: An elusive search for a psychosocial placebo control condition. Behavior Research and Therapy, 45(5), 863-876. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2006.08.008
Williamson, J. R. (2014) Addressing self-reported depression, anxiety, and stress in college students via web-based self-compassionate journaling. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2402. Retrieved from: https://dc.etsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=3765&context=etd
Improvement in stress and anxiety symptoms
Cameron, L. D. & Nicholls, G. (1998). Expression of stressful experiences through writing: Effects of a self-regulation manipulation for pessimists and optimists. Health Psychology, 17(1), 84-92
Greenberg, M. A., Wortman, C. B., & Stone, A. A. (1996). Emotional expression and physical health: Revising traumatic memories or fostering self-regulation? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(3), 588-602
McGonigal, K. (2012). The willpower instinct: How self-control works, why it matters, and what you can do to get more of it. Avery/Penguin Group USA.
Mercer, A., Warson, E., & Zhao, J. (2010) Visual journaling: An intervention to influence stress, anxiety and affect levels in medical students. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 37(2), 143-148. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2009.12.003
Pennebaker, J. W. & Francis, M. E. (1996). Cognitive, emotional and language processes in disclosure. Cognition and Emotion, 10(6), 601-626.
Pennebaker, J. W. (1997) Writing about emotional experiences as a therapeutic process. Psychological Science, 8, 162–166.
Stein, N., Folkman, S., Trabasso, T., & Richards, T. A. (1997). Appraisal and goal processes as predictors of psychological well-being in bereaved caregivers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(4), 872-884.
Ullrich, P. M., & Lutgendorf, S. K. (2002) Journaling about stressful events: Effects of cognitive processing and emotional expression. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 24(3), 244-250. doi: 10.1207/S15324796ABM2403_10
Williamson, J. R. (2014) Addressing self-reported depression, anxiety, and stress in college students via web-based self-compassionate journaling. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2402. Retrieved from: https://dc.etsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=3765&context=etd
Growth Mindset
Branden, N. (1994). The six pillars of self-esteem. Bantam Books, Inc.
Covey, S. R. (2005). The 7 habits of highly effective people. London: Simon & Schuster.
Dweck, C. S. (1986). Motivational processes affecting learning. American Psychology, 41(10), 1040-1048.
Oettingen, G., Pak, H., & Schnetter, K. (2001). Self-regulation of goal setting: Turning free fantasies about the future into binding goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8(5), 736-753.
Peterson, J. B. (1999) Maps of Meaning. Manitoba, CA: Routledge
Scarborough, M., Lewis, C., & Kulkarni, S. (2010). Enhancing adolescent brain development through goal-setting activities. Social Work, 55(3), 276-278. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org.proxybz.lib.montana.edu/stable/23719083
Schippers, M. C., Scheepers, A. W. A., & Peterson, J. B. (2015) A scalable goal-setting intervention closes both the gender and ethnic minority achievement gap. Nature, 1. doi: https://doi.org/10.1057/palcomms.2015.14
Stevens, C. K., Bavetta, A. G., & Gist, M. E. (1993) Gender differences in the acquisition of salary negotiation skills: The role of goals, self-efficacy, and perceived control. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(5), 723–735. doi: https://doi-org.proxybz.lib.montana.edu:3443/10.1037/0021-9010.78.5.723
Developing Habits
Aurelius, M. (1942). The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius. Mount Vernon NY: Peter Pauper Press,
Covey, S. R. (2005). The 7 habits of highly effective people. London: Simon & Schuster.
Locke, E. A. (1996) Motivation through conscious goal setting. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 5(2), 117-124. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-1849(96)80005-9
Martin, A. (2013). Improving the achievement, motivation, and engagement of students with ADHD: The role of personal best goals and other growth-based approaches. Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 23(1), 143-155. doi:10.1017/jgc.2013.4
McGonigal, K. (2012). The willpower instinct: How self-control works, why it matters, and what you can do to get more of it. Avery/Penguin Group USA.
Sheldon, K. M., & Houser-Marko, L. (2001). Self-concordance, goal attainment, and the pursuit of happiness: Can there be an upward spiral? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(1), 152-165.
Chaos and Tyranny
Aurelius, M. (1942). The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius. Mount Vernon NY: Peter Pauper Press,
Campbell, J. (2008). Bollingen Series [Collected Works of Joseph Campbell]: Vol. 17. The hero with a thousand faces (3rd ed.). Novato, CA, US: New World Library; San Anselmo, CA, US: Joseph Campbell Foundation.
Covey, S. R. (2005). The 7 habits of highly effective people. London: Simon & Schuster.
Heifetz, R., Grashow, A., & Linsky, M. (2009) The Practice of Adaptive Leadership. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.
Jung, C. G. (1923). Psychological types; or, The psychology of individuation. London: Paul, Trench, Trubner.
Jung, C. G. (1968) Man and His Symbols. New York, NY: Dell Publishing (Original work published 1964)
Pageau, M. (2018) The language of creation. San Bernardino, CA: (n.p.).
Peterson, J. B. (1999) Maps of Meaning. Manitoba, CA: Routledge
The role of a hero/hero's journey
Branden, N. (1994). The six pillars of self-esteem. Bantam Books, Inc.
Covey, S. R. (2005). The 7 habits of highly effective people. London: Simon & Schuster.
Campbell, J. (2008). Bollingen Series [Collected Works of Joseph Campbell]: Vol. 17. The hero with a thousand faces (3rd ed.). Novato, CA, US: New World Library; San Anselmo, CA, US: Joseph Campbell Foundation.
Heifetz, R., Grashow, A., & Linsky, M. (2009) The Practice of Adaptive Leadership. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.
Jung, C. G. (1968) Man and His Symbols. New York, NY: Dell Publishing (Original work published 1964)
Neumann, E. (1954) The origins and history of consciousness. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Peterson, J. B. (1999) Maps of Meaning. Manitoba, CA: Routledge
Goal-oriented journaling
Duckworth, A. L., Grant, H., Loew, B., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2010) Self‐regulation strategies improve self‐discipline in adolescents: Benefits of mental contrasting and implementation intentions. Educational
Psychology, 31(1), 17-26, doi: 10.1080/01443410.2010.506003
Klein, K. & Boals, A. (2001). Expressive writing can increase working memory capacity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130, 520-533.
Locke, E. A. (1996) Motivation through conscious goal setting. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 5(2), 117-124. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-1849(96)80005-9
Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2010). Strategies of setting and implementing goals: Mental contrasting and implementation intentions. In J. E. Maddux & J. P. Tangney (Eds.), Social psychological foundations of clinical psychology (pp. 114-135). New York, NY, US: The Guilford Press.
Pennebaker, J. W. (1997) Writing about emotional experiences as a therapeutic process. Psychological Science, 8, 162–166.
Peterson, J. B., & Mar, R. A. (2004). Self-authoring program: The ideal future. Unpublished manuscript. University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved from www.selfauthoring.com
Sheldon, K. M., & Houser-Marko, L. (2001). Self-concordance, goal attainment, and the pursuit of happiness: Can there be an upward spiral? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(1), 152-165.
Ullrich, P. M., Lutgendorf, S. K. (2002) Journaling about stressful events: Effects of cognitive processing and emotional expression. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 24(3), 244-250. doi: 10.1207/S15324796ABM2403_10